SECTORAL ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION AND RETURNS TO SCALE IN SOUTH AFRICA

Substitution and Returns to Scale in R&D

We build a quality ladders product cycle model with Northern innovation, Northern imitation, and Southern imitation. Our model generalizes Grossman and Helpman (1991a) to allow Northern imitation. Similar to Segerstrom (1991), successful Northern imitators collude with innovators. Changes in resources and R&D subsidies generate substitution in Northern R&D between innovation and imitation and s...

Sectoral Analysis of the Aerospace Industry in South Africa

Estimate of Armington substitution elasticity for fishery products in Iran

Abstract Nowadays, fishery and aquaculture products form an important fraction of the protein requirement and food of many people on the earth. The hike in prices of these essential products seems necessary owing to the increase in demand and consumption of these products in the country. The price transmission from the international market to the domestic market of tunas was  investigated in t...

Estimate of Armington substitution elasticity for fishery products in Iran

The price transmission from the international market to the domestic market of tunas was investigated in the present research. For this purpose, the elasticity of substitution between tuna imports with goods produced in Iran (Armington Elasticity) was calculated. Armington elasticity reflects a degree of substitution between commodities produced domestically and those produced abroad. A greater...

morphology, geochemistry, mineralogy, and micromorphology of soils of hormozgan province in relation to parent materials

ویژگی های زمین شیمیایی، کانی شناسی، و میکرومورفولوژیکی خاک ها و سنگ مادر مربوطه در منطقه بین بخش های جنوبی زاگرس و خلیج فارس تا دریای عمان(استان هرمزگان، ایران) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. هدف های این مطالعه شناسایی تغییرات در خصوصیات فیزیکی، شیمیایی، و ترکیب کانی شناسی خاک، مطالعه میکرومورفولوژی و تکامل خاک، و بررسی توزیع عنصر خاک بر اساس هوازدگی، پروسه های خاک و زمین شناسی جهت توصیف اثرات مواد مادر...